To keep your hair healthy, you should perm before bleaching. Bleaching can cause damage and brittleness. If you bleach first, it weakens your hair and affects the perm’s longevity. For the best results and color retention, always apply the perm before any bleaching. Follow these recommendations for healthier hair.
Many professionals recommend bleaching before perming. This order allows the hair to maintain its curl pattern while achieving the desired color. It is crucial, however, to wait a few weeks between the two processes. This waiting period allows your hair to recover and reduces further damage.
Choosing the correct order between bleaching and perming can significantly impact the health of your hair. Next, let’s explore the specific care routines you should adopt after each process to maintain your hair’s health and manageability.
What Are the Key Differences Between Bleaching and Perming Hair?
Bleaching and perming hair are distinct hair treatment processes, each serving different aesthetic purposes. Bleaching lightens hair color, while perming curls or waves hair texture.
- Main differences between bleaching and perming hair:
– Purpose
– Chemical process
– Hair structure impact
– Duration of effects
– Hair type suitability
– Aftercare requirements
The above points outline essential differences between bleaching and perming hair. Understanding these distinctions can help individuals make informed choices about their hair treatment.
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Purpose:
Bleaching’s purpose is to lighten hair color by removing pigment. This process is often used to achieve blonde shades or prepare hair for further coloring. Perming’s purpose is to create curls or waves in straight hair. This enhances volume and texture, allowing for versatile styling options. -
Chemical process:
Bleaching involves applying a lightening agent, usually hydrogen peroxide or ammonia, to hair. These chemicals penetrate hair strands and strip natural pigment. Perming uses a different chemical approach, employing ammonium thioglycolate or ammonium sulfite. These compounds break and reform hair’s protein bonds, allowing it to reshape into curls or waves. -
Hair structure impact:
Bleaching damages the hair cuticle, which is a protective layer. This can lead to dryness and brittleness. According to the American Academy of Dermatology, excessive bleaching can weaken the hair structure over time. Perming changes hair’s internal composition but can improve texture temporarily. While it may also weaken strands, the damage can vary based on hair type and treatment severity. -
Duration of effects:
The effects of bleaching can last until new hair growth occurs, often around six to eight weeks. However, roots will show, requiring touch-ups to maintain color. Perms typically last three to six months, depending on hair type and maintenance. Over time, curls may loosen as hair grows and is exposed to heat and environmental factors. -
Hair type suitability:
Bleaching is generally suitable for healthy hair but can cause excessive damage on already processed or weak strands. Perming works best on medium to coarse hair types, as fine hair may not hold curls effectively. Stylists often perform patch tests to assess hair’s ability to withstand such treatments. -
Aftercare requirements:
Post-bleaching, hair care involves using hydrating shampoos and conditioners to combat damage and maintain softness. Limited heat styling is recommended to prevent further drying. After perming, sulfate-free products are suggested to preserve curl shape, and regular moisturizing treatments are essential to maintain hair health.
Understanding these differences allows individuals to make better decisions based on desired outcomes and hair condition.
How Does Bleaching Hair Affect the Perming Process?
Bleaching hair significantly affects the perming process. First, bleaching strips the hair of its natural pigments. This process can weaken the hair structure by opening the hair cuticles, making it more porous and brittle. Second, perming involves applying chemicals to alter the hair’s texture. The hair’s weakened state after bleaching makes it more susceptible to damage during perming.
Next, the timing of these processes is crucial. It’s generally advisable to perm hair before bleaching. This order helps the perming chemicals grasp the hair’s structure effectively, resulting in better curl formation. If hair is bleached first, it may not hold the perm well or could become overly damaged.
Finally, if someone decides to bleach after perming, they risk compromising the integrity of the curls. The harsh bleach can relax or ruin the desired curl pattern. In summary, the order of bleaching and perming matters. Bleaching before perming can lead to hair damage, while perming first can maintain hair integrity during processing. Thus, it is essential to consider these factors when deciding on chemical treatments.
What Happens When You Perm Hair Before Bleaching?
Perming hair before bleaching can lead to severe damage, as both processes involve strong chemicals. Therefore, it is generally not recommended to perm and then bleach hair in quick succession.
- Hair structure: Perming alters the hair’s natural structure, making it more porous and susceptible to damage when bleached.
- Chemical interactions: The chemicals in perm solutions and bleach can interact negatively, compromising hair integrity.
- Increased risk of breakage: Combining these processes can significantly heighten the risk of hair breakage and dryness.
- Timing and recovery: Stylists often recommend waiting several weeks between perming and bleaching to allow hair to recover.
- Individual hair condition: The effects can vary based on the hair type, health, and previous treatments.
Understanding the implications of perming before bleaching is vital for maintaining hair health. The following sections will delve into each main point for a clearer perspective on hair care.
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Hair Structure:
Perming hair prior to bleaching changes the hair structure. The perming process uses ammonium thioglycolate or a similar chemical to break hydrogen bonds in the hair, allowing it to be reshaped. This process opens up the hair cuticle, making it more porous. A study by the Journal of Cosmetic Science in 2018 indicated that porosity can increase the uptake of bleach, making hair weaker and more fragile over time. -
Chemical Interactions:
Perming and bleaching involve different chemical reactions, which can negatively interact. The perm solution alters the hair’s chemical compositions, making it more vulnerable to the strong oxidizing agents in bleach. According to the International Journal of Trichology (2019), these interactions can lead to unexpected results, including uneven color and hair texture damage. -
Increased Risk of Breakage:
The risk of breakage rises significantly when hair is permed before bleaching. Research indicates that both processes target keratin, the primary protein in hair. Over-processing can lead to a condition known as trichorrhexis nodosa, where the hair weakens and forms nodes that increase propensity for breakage (Wang et al., 2020). -
Timing and Recovery:
Waiting between perming and bleaching is essential for hair recovery. Many hairstylists advise a waiting period of at least six weeks. This allows the cuticle to close and strengthens hair before introducing additional chemicals. The National Institutes of Health emphasizes that adequate recovery time significantly reduces the likelihood of damage. -
Individual Hair Condition:
The impact of perming before bleaching can vary depending on individual hair conditions. Fine or previously damaged hair is more prone to adverse effects. According to a survey by The American Board of Certified Haircolorists, professionals often hesitate to recommend successive processes on fragile hair types. Weighing hair health and desired outcomes is crucial for anyone considering these procedures.
By understanding these aspects, consumers can make informed decisions regarding their hair treatments and safeguard the health of their hair.
Which Process Causes More Damage to Hair: Bleaching or Perming?
Bleaching generally causes more damage to hair than perming.
- Hair structure impact
- Chemical composition
- Hair type considerations
- Frequency of treatments
- Long-term effects
- Recovery options
The differences in how bleach and perming chemicals interact with hair lead to varying levels of damage.
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Hair Structure Impact: Bleaching affects the hair structure more significantly than perming. The bleaching process strips the hair of its natural pigments, weakening the cuticle. According to a study by the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2017), hair treated with bleach showed a 25% increase in porosity, resulting in dryness and brittleness. In contrast, perming alters the hair’s shape and texture without the same level of cuticle disruption.
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Chemical Composition: The chemicals used in bleaching and perming are fundamentally different. Bleaching agents often contain strong oxidizers like hydrogen peroxide, which can damage the hair’s protein structure. A study by the International Journal of Trichology (2018) highlighted that the oxidative stress from bleaching leads to protein loss. Perming involves ammonium thioglycolate or similar agents that break down disulfide bonds. These are less destructive when used properly.
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Hair Type Considerations: Individual hair types respond differently to these processes. Fine or damaged hair tends to suffer more from bleaching. In contrast, coarse hair may handle perming better but can still become frizzy or dry. Experts recommend assessing hair health before deciding on treatments (Garrison, 2020).
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Frequency of Treatments: Frequent bleaching can exacerbate damage, while perming might be less harmful when done less often. The American Academy of Dermatology notes that repeated exposure to bleach can lead to cumulative damage. In contrast, perms can generally be touched up more safely with longer intervals.
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Long-Term Effects: Bleaching often results in long-term changes to hair structure, leading to permanent damage such as split ends and excessive breakage. In a longitudinal study, researchers found that individuals who bleached their hair showed significant hair degradation over time (Smith et al., 2019). Perming can lead to temporary dryness, which can be managed with proper care.
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Recovery Options: Recovery after bleaching may take longer and requires intensive moisturizing and repairing treatments. Effective treatments include protein masks and hydrating conditioners. Permed hair typically requires less intensive care but still benefits from hydration and styling products designed for chemically treated hair.
In conclusion, while both processes can damage hair, bleaching typically presents a greater risk for long-term health and appearance due to its harsh chemicals and effects on hair structure.
What Factors Should Influence the Order of Bleaching and Perming?
The order of bleaching and perming hair should prioritize the health of the hair and the desired outcome. Generally, it is recommended to bleach first, followed by perming.
- Hair health and condition
- Desired color outcome
- Perm type and condition
- Timing between processes
- Hair texture and porosity
- Professional vs. at-home treatment considerations
Transitioning from the main points, understanding each factor can help ensure optimal results while maintaining hair integrity.
1. Hair Health and Condition: The order of bleaching and perming should primarily consider the hair’s health. Hair that is already damaged might not react well to both processes. A study by the American Academy of Dermatology emphasizes the importance of starting with a healthy foundation for hair coloring and styling. If hair is weak, it may be advisable to first focus on treatments that can strengthen it before applying harsh chemicals.
2. Desired Color Outcome: The goal of the desired color can influence the order. If the intention is to achieve a lighter shade, bleach must precede perming. This order prevents pigment from affecting the perm’s results. A case study from the International Journal of Cosmetic Science discusses the importance of achieving the correct base color before permanent styling as it ensures better adherence and longevity of the perm.
3. Perm Type and Condition: Different types of perms have varying chemical compositions. Acidic perms are less damaging and may be suitable for hair that has been bleached. Conversely, alkaline perms may cause more damage when applied to already bleached hair. According to research conducted by the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, professionals should assess the specific perm type to avoid excessive damage.
4. Timing Between Processes: Allowing time between bleaching and perming can enhance hair resilience. A waiting period permits the hair to recover and regain moisture. Hair experts recommend a minimum of 1–2 weeks between the two processes to ensure better hair health and appearance. In practice, hairstylists often advise deep conditioning treatments during this gap to replenish moisture levels.
5. Hair Texture and Porosity: The texture and porosity of hair play critical roles in determining the processing order. Coarse hair may withstand more chemicals, allowing for a simultaneous approach, whereas fine hair may be more susceptible to damage and therefore should be treated separately. According to a survey conducted by the Professional Beauty Association, understanding hair characteristics is essential in customizing hair treatments.
6. Professional vs. At-Home Treatment Considerations: Professional treatments typically yield better results and minimize damage because practitioners use quality products and techniques. At-home treatments carry risks, especially if one is untrained. Professionals can assess hair condition more accurately and provide individualized care. The National Hairdressers’ Federation highlights that seeking professional advice can significantly impact the success and health of both bleaching and perming processes.
What Do Hair Stylists Say About the Order of These Processes?
The order of processes is important in hair styling, particularly when considering whether to bleach or perm hair first. Many hair stylists recommend bleaching before perming to prevent damage and achieve better results.
- Bleach first, then perm
- Perm first, then bleach
- Timing considerations
- Discussing with the stylist
- Hair health factors
The recommendations vary among stylists based on several factors including hair type, desired results, and overall hair health. Understanding these factors can help in making an informed decision about the order of processes.
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Bleach First, Then Perm: Hair stylists generally advise bleaching before perming. This approach reduces the risk of over-processing the hair. Bleaching lifts the color and opens the hair cuticle. When the cuticle is open, the perm solution can penetrate better, allowing for more effective curls.
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Perm First, Then Bleach: Some stylists may suggest perming first. This method may be beneficial for clients desiring a specific curl pattern before adding color. However, it carries higher risks of hair damage because both chemical processes can weaken the hair structure.
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Timing Considerations: Timing between the two processes is crucial. Stylists recommend allowing adequate time between bleaching and perming to minimize damage. Hair should ideally rest and recover between treatments.
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Discussing with the Stylist: Every individual’s hair is different. Consulting with a professional stylist is essential. They can assess hair condition, texture, and previous treatments. Their insights help tailor the best approach for the client’s unique hair needs.
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Hair Health Factors: Hair health plays a significant role in the decision-making process. If hair is already damaged or compromised, stylists may recommend avoiding either process or suggest specific protective measures. For instance, using conditioning treatments can prepare hair for chemical processes.
In summary, the order of processes in hair styling, particularly between bleaching and perming, significantly affects the outcome and health of the hair.
How Can You Minimize Damage When Bleaching and Perming?
You can minimize damage when bleaching and perming hair by using gentle products, reducing processing time, and properly conditioning your hair. Each of these strategies plays a crucial role in preserving hair health during these chemical treatments.
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Use gentle products: Select hair care products specifically formulated for color-treated or permed hair. These products often contain nourishing ingredients that help mitigate damage. According to a 2021 study in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science, gentle formulas can reduce hair breakage by up to 30% compared to harsh alternatives.
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Reduce processing time: Time is critical during both bleaching and perming. Overexposure to chemicals can lead to severe hair damage. Aim to follow the recommended processing times listed on product instructions. A study from the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology (Smith et al., 2020) found that shorter exposure times significantly decreased hair porosity and breakage.
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Properly condition your hair: Use deep conditioning treatments before and after chemical processes. Deep conditioners help to replenish lost moisture and restore hair’s structural integrity. Research by the American Academy of Dermatology in 2019 indicated that deep conditioning can improve hair strength by over 40%.
By following these strategies, you can effectively reduce damage when bleaching and perming your hair.
What Are the Recommended Aftercare Practices Post-Bleaching and Perming?
The recommended aftercare practices post-bleaching and perming include gentle hair care and moisturizing treatments.
- Use sulfate-free shampoos and conditioners
- Apply deep conditioning treatments weekly
- Limit heat styling
- Use leave-in conditioners or hair oils
- Avoid swimming in chlorinated water
- Trim hair regularly
- Protect hair from UV rays
These aftercare practices can significantly improve hair health and maintain results. Here is a detailed explanation for each point.
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Use sulfate-free shampoos and conditioners:
Using sulfate-free shampoos and conditioners helps maintain moisture and color. Sulfates are harsh detergents that can strip hair of its natural oils. According to a study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (Smith, 2021), sulfate-free products can significantly reduce hair dryness and damage after chemical treatments. -
Apply deep conditioning treatments weekly:
Applying deep conditioning treatments weekly restores moisture and elasticity to chemically treated hair. Regular deep conditioning can reduce brittleness and improve overall texture. Research by the International Journal of Trichology (Reddy, 2019) indicates that deep conditioning reduces hair breakage by up to 50%. -
Limit heat styling:
Limiting heat styling minimizes further damage and helps maintain the integrity of bleached or permed hair. Heat can cause significant moisture loss, leading to dryness and breakage. A 2022 study in the Journal of Applied Cosmetic Science found that avoiding heat tools can prevent long-term damage and support healthy hair growth. -
Use leave-in conditioners or hair oils:
Using leave-in conditioners or hair oils provides hydration and protection. These products create a barrier against environmental stressors and reduce frizz. A survey conducted by Hair Products Research Group in 2021 showed that 70% of users of leave-in products reported improved manageability and softness. -
Avoid swimming in chlorinated water:
Avoiding chlorinated water is essential as chlorine can exacerbate dryness and color fading. The American Academy of Dermatology recommends wearing a swim cap or rinsing hair before swimming to limit chlorine exposure. Studies indicate that chlorine can increase hair porosity, making it more prone to damage. -
Trim hair regularly:
Trimming hair regularly helps remove split ends and maintains a healthy appearance. Regular trims prevent breakage, which can be more common after chemical treatments. Hair professionals recommend trimming every 6-8 weeks for optimal results. -
Protect hair from UV rays:
Protecting hair from UV rays is vital as sun exposure can lead to discoloration and further damage. Wearing hats or using UV protection sprays can minimize the effects of sun exposure. According to the Journal of Dermatology (Tan, 2020), protective measures can preserve color and prevent structural damage from UV radiation.
Implementing these aftercare practices will improve the longevity and appearance of bleached and permed hair.
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