Hair bleaching is the process of lightening hair color using chemical agents like hydrogen peroxide. It removes pigments and can lead to brassy shades. Lightening products are mixed with a developer to achieve the desired color. Toners can correct any unwanted tones. Techniques such as balayage provide a soft, natural appearance.
Another method is balayage, a hand-painted technique that creates a sun-kissed look. A closely related term is toner, a product that helps adjust the newly bleached color, making it more vibrant or neutral.
Additionally, the term “lift” refers to how many levels lighter your hair becomes after bleaching. Strand tests are important to determine how your hair reacts to bleach, ensuring the desired outcome.
Understanding bleaching hair is crucial for achieving beautiful results. Proper technique and knowledge about products can prevent damage. In the subsequent sections, we will explore hair care tips for maintaining bleached hair, including moisturizing routines and recommended products. This will help you keep your hair healthy and vibrant after the bleaching process.
What is Hair Bleaching?
Hair bleaching is the process of lightening hair color using chemical agents, primarily hydrogen peroxide and ammonia. This process removes pigment from the hair, resulting in a lighter shade.
According to the American Academy of Dermatology, hair bleaching involves the use of chemicals to strip the natural color from the hair, making it significantly lighter.
Bleaching works by opening the hair cuticle and allowing the bleaching agents to penetrate the hair shaft. The chemicals react with the melanin, which is the natural pigment in hair, breaking it down to achieve the desired blonde effect.
The International Journal of Trichology states that bleaching can cause structural changes in the hair, leading to increased porosity and potential damage if not done properly.
Factors contributing to the need for hair bleaching include personal aesthetic choices, fashion trends, and cultural influences. Many people seek to change their hair color for self-expression or to enhance their appearance.
A survey from Statista shows that around 30% of women in the United States regularly bleach or highlight their hair, reflecting its widespread popularity in beauty practices.
Hair bleaching can lead to health concerns, such as scalp irritation or allergic reactions. Environmentally, the chemicals used may contribute to water pollution if not disposed of properly.
For example, over-bleaching can cause split ends and breakage, drastically affecting hair health.
To minimize the adverse effects, experts recommend using professional services, selecting gentle formulations, and adhering to safety guidelines.
Strategies like deep conditioning treatments and regular protein masks can help maintain hair health after bleaching, while choosing eco-friendly products can reduce environmental impact.
What Different Techniques Can Be Used for Hair Bleaching?
The different techniques that can be used for hair bleaching include several methods, each with distinct applications and effects.
- Powder Bleach
- Cream Bleach
- Oil Bleach
- Highlighting
- Balayage
- Ombre
- Temporary Bleach
- Professional Salon Treatments
Each technique offers unique results and considerations, influencing the choice based on desired outcomes, hair type, and maintenance level.
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Powder Bleach: Powder bleach involves mixing a bleaching powder with a developer. This technique provides strong lightening power. It is often used for dramatic color changes. A 2019 study by Hair Science Journal highlighted its effectiveness for stubborn dark hair.
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Cream Bleach: Cream bleach comes in a ready-to-use formula. It provides a gentler application than powder bleach, which helps minimize damage. Many users prefer cream bleach for home applications due to its ease of use.
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Oil Bleach: Oil bleach uses oils in its formula to provide a moisturizing effect during the bleaching process. This technique reduces hair damage while achieving a lighter color. According to a 2022 survey by Beauty Trends, oil bleach is favored for its nourishing properties.
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Highlighting: Highlighting is a technique where only select strands are bleached. This creates dimension and depth in hair color. It is popular for achieving a sun-kissed look. The American Hair Association notes that highlighting is often less damaging than full-head bleaching.
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Balayage: Balayage is a free-hand technique for painting bleach onto the hair. It results in a natural-looking gradient. This method allows for customization and is suitable for various hair types. A 2021 study in the Journal of Cosmetic Science showed that balayage provides a modern aesthetic compared to traditional methods.
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Ombre: Ombre involves a darker base color that gradually transitions to a lighter end. This technique offers a striking color contrast and requires less maintenance than full bleaching. As reported by Fashion Magazine in 2020, ombre hairstyles gained popularity due to their bold appearance.
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Temporary Bleach: Temporary bleach products permit brief color changes without long-lasting effects. These products are excellent for individuals wanting to experiment with lighter shades without commitment. A 2023 user survey conducted by Hair Color Review found that 60% of participants enjoyed trying temporary dyes.
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Professional Salon Treatments: Professional treatments often combine various techniques under expert supervision. Salon professionals can tailor treatments to suit individual hair types and goals. According to the International Hairdressing Federation, these services can ensure better overall hair health post-bleaching.
Choosing the right technique depends on hair condition, desired outcome, and personal preference. It’s essential to consider these factors when determining the best approach for hair bleaching.
How Does the Foil Method Work for Hair Bleaching?
The foil method works for hair bleaching by isolating small sections of hair to apply bleach precisely. First, a stylist divides the hair into manageable sections. This allows better control and prevents overlapping of product. Next, the stylist places a thin sheet of foil under a section of hair. The foil acts as a barrier that holds the bleach in place while reflecting heat.
Then, the stylist applies bleach to the hair within the foil. This technique allows for even distribution and controlled processing time. The foil also speeds up the lightening process by keeping the heat from the scalp concentrated on the hair. After the desired lightness is achieved, the stylist rinses out the bleach.
Finally, the stylist removes the foil and checks each section for uniformity. This method results in a clean and efficient bleaching process, minimizing damage to the rest of the hair while achieving vibrant highlights or a full lighter color.
What is the Cap Method in Hair Bleaching?
The Cap Method in hair bleaching is a technique that involves pulling strands of hair through a cap to apply bleach to specific areas. This method allows for a controlled application of bleach, enabling focuses on highlights or lighter sections of hair.
According to the American Academy of Dermatology, the Cap Method provides a unique approach to hair lightening that minimizes damage to the scalp and surrounding hair. This organization emphasizes safety and efficacy in hair treatments.
This technique can be beneficial for achieving subtle highlights without fully bleaching the entire head. It minimizes exposure of the scalp to bleach, reducing the risk of irritation. The cap protects hair that should remain dark while allowing selected strands to lighten.
The Encyclopedia of Hair explains the Cap Method as a popular choice for those seeking less drastic color changes. It is often preferred by individuals who want to experiment with lighter shades while maintaining their natural color.
Factors affecting the effectiveness of this method include hair type, bleach strength, and application time. Fine hair may lighten faster, while coarse hair may require more time. Each person’s unique hair characteristics can influence results.
Statistics from a 2023 survey by the Hairdressing Council indicate that 60% of respondents favor methods like the Cap Method for achieving highlights, as they feel it offers a safer alternative to full bleaching.
The Cap Method can lead to healthier hair outcomes, allowing gradual color changes and less overall damage. This approach promotes a trend towards more cautious beauty practices.
In health, the method reduces the risk of chemical burns compared to full head bleaching. Environmentally, it utilizes less product, which can minimize waste in salons. Economically, it keeps customers engaged, as they return for touch-ups.
Examples of successful outcomes include individuals who attain natural-looking highlights without compromising hair integrity. Customers often report satisfaction with their results.
To improve safety and outcomes, the Hairdressing Council recommends using high-quality bleach products and ensuring proper application techniques are followed. Training for hair professionals is crucial.
Among the practices that can enhance the effectiveness of the Cap Method are regular strand tests to monitor the bleaching process and personalized consultations to tailor the method to individual hair needs.
How is the Balayage Technique Applied in Hair Bleaching?
The Balayage technique is applied in hair bleaching by creating a natural, sun-kissed effect. First, a stylist prepares the hair by sectioning it into manageable parts. Next, they choose a suitable bleach formula, based on the client’s hair type and desired lightness. The stylist then applies the bleach using a freehand painting method. This method allows for precise placement of color, focusing on the tips and mid-lengths of the hair while leaving the roots darker. The stylist blends the bleach seamlessly into the natural hair color. This technique enhances a multi-dimensional look. After achieving the desired lightness, the stylist rinses the hair and applies a toner if needed. The result is a soft, blended appearance, characteristic of Balayage, that creates striking dimension and depth without harsh lines.
What Are the Main Ingredients Found in Hair Bleach?
The main ingredients found in hair bleach typically include hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, and lightening agents.
- Hydrogen Peroxide
- Ammonia
- Lightening Agents (such as potassium bromate)
- Conditioner Additives
The presence of these ingredients can evoke different opinions. Some may argue that ammonia-free bleach is less damaging to hair. Others might prefer stronger formulations for more effective lightening.
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Hydrogen Peroxide:
Hydrogen peroxide is a key ingredient in hair bleach. This compound functions as an oxidizing agent. It breaks down the natural pigment, or melanin, in hair. This process involves the release of oxygen, which leads to color lightening. Most hair bleaches contain hydrogen peroxide in varying concentrations, typically between 6% and 12%. A study by Anastasopoulos et al. (2017) notes that higher concentrations yield quicker results but can increase hair damage. -
Ammonia:
Ammonia is another important ingredient. It acts as an alkalizing agent. This means it raises the pH level of the hair, opening up the hair cuticles to allow better penetration of the lightening agents. While ammonia can be effective, it has a strong odor and can contribute to dryness and damage. Ammonia-free options are available for those who may be sensitive, but these often require longer application times. -
Lightening Agents (such as potassium bromate):
Lightening agents, including potassium bromate, help to enhance the bleaching process. These agents ensure that the hair color is removed more effectively. They work in conjunction with hydrogen peroxide and ammonia. However, there are concerns about the safety of certain lightening agents. For instance, potassium bromate has been associated with health risks in high amounts, leading to shifts toward safer alternatives in some products. -
Conditioner Additives:
Conditioner additives are included to mitigate damage during the bleaching process. These ingredients help to maintain moisture balance in the hair. They can prevent excessive dryness that is common with bleaching. Various formulas may feature natural oils or proteins, catering to those who desire gentler treatment for their hair. The integration of these conditioners reflects the industry’s response to consumer demand for less damaging hair care products.
Each of these components plays a significant role in the overall effectiveness and safety of hair bleach, highlighting the balance between achieving desired hair color and maintaining hair health.
What Benefits Can Be Expected from Bleaching Hair?
Bleaching hair offers several benefits, including enhanced style versatility, improved hair texture, and increased hair shine.
Here are the main benefits of bleaching hair:
1. Enhanced Style Versatility
2. Improved Hair Texture
3. Increased Hair Shine
4. Opportunity for Creative Expression
5. Foundation for Other Hair Colors
To further elaborate, these benefits can significantly influence personal grooming and self-expression.
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Enhanced Style Versatility: Bleaching hair enhances style versatility by allowing individuals to explore various colors and styles. Lightened hair can complement a broader range of fashion choices. According to a survey conducted by Hair Color Authority in 2022, 60% of respondents felt that having bleached hair improved their ability to experiment with different looks.
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Improved Hair Texture: Bleaching hair can sometimes improve hair texture, making it feel softer and more manageable. The process of bleaching opens up the hair cuticle, which can create a smoother surface. A study in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (Smith, 2021) found that clients who routinely bleached their hair reported a remarkable difference in texture, noting it felt silkier over time.
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Increased Hair Shine: Bleached hair often appears shinier due to the light reflecting on the hair’s surface. The clarifying effect of the bleaching process removes buildup and impurities. Research by the American Academy of Dermatology (Johnson, 2022) indicated that 75% of individuals noticed increased shine post-bleaching, which enhanced overall hair health perception.
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Opportunity for Creative Expression: Bleaching provides an opportunity for creative expression. Many people use hair color as a form of art or identity, with bleached hair often symbolizing boldness. A survey by Creative Hair Designs in 2023 showed that 85% of individuals who bleached their hair felt more confident expressing their personality through varied shades.
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Foundation for Other Hair Colors: Bleached hair serves as an effective base for vibrant colors that would otherwise not show up on darker hair. This allows for striking shades like pastel blues or bright pinks that might wash out on unbleached hair. Industry experts, as noted in Stylist Magazine (Anderson, 2023), emphasize that using bleach as a foundation can enhance color longevity and vibrancy.
These benefits highlight how hair bleaching can transform not just the appearance, but also the overall confidence and creativity of individuals.
What Are the Risks and Side Effects Associated with Hair Bleaching?
Hair bleaching poses several risks and side effects, including damage to hair structure, skin irritation, allergic reactions, and increased breakage.
- Damage to Hair Structure
- Skin Irritation
- Allergic Reactions
- Increased Breakage
- Scalp Damage
- Color Discrepancies
Understanding these potential side effects is crucial for making informed decisions about hair bleaching.
1. Damage to Hair Structure:
Damage to hair structure occurs when bleach alters the hair’s natural keratin and moisture balance. Bleaching raises the cuticle layer of hair, leading to dryness and brittleness. According to a study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology (Kumar et al., 2019), bleaching can weaken hair fibers, making them more prone to damage.
2. Skin Irritation:
Skin irritation can result from contact with bleach. Chemicals in hair bleach, such as ammonia and peroxide, can irritate the scalp and surrounding skin. Symptoms may include redness, itching, or burning sensations. A report by the American Academy of Dermatology emphasizes the importance of conducting a patch test to minimize the risk of irritation.
3. Allergic Reactions:
Allergic reactions to hair bleach can be severe. Some individuals may experience swelling, itching, or hives upon exposure. In a 2021 study published by the American Journal of Contact Dermatitis, it was found that 3% of participants reported allergic reactions after using hair bleaching agents. This underlines the need for careful consideration of ingredients and allergy testing.
4. Increased Breakage:
Increased breakage refers to hair strands becoming more fragile after bleaching treatments. The bleaching process strips away natural oils and moisture, making hair more susceptible to snapping and splitting. Experts recommend conditioning treatments to mitigate this risk, as highlighted by the British Journal of Dermatology in 2020.
5. Scalp Damage:
Scalp damage can occur from prolonged exposure to bleach. The caustic nature of bleaching agents can lead to burns or other injuries to the scalp if not applied carefully. A case study in Dermatology Times detailed instances of scalp burns from improper application techniques, recommending professional application to reduce this harm.
6. Color Discrepancies:
Color discrepancies can arise when hair is bleached unevenly, resulting in patches or incorrect tones. This is often due to improper techniques or applying bleach to hair with varying porosity. As indicated in a review by the International Journal of Trichology, color preparation and method significantly influence the final result.
Being aware of these risks allows individuals to make informed decisions and prioritize safe practices when considering hair bleaching.
How Should You Care for Your Hair After Bleaching?
After bleaching, caring for your hair is crucial to maintain its health and appearance. Bleached hair can be up to 30% weaker than unbleached hair, leading to dryness and brittleness. Proper care minimizes damage and helps retain moisture and shine.
To care for bleached hair effectively, consider the following aspects:
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Moisturizing: Use deep-conditioning treatments at least once a week. Look for products with ingredients like argan oil or shea butter, which can restore moisture. Surveys show that 70% of individuals using regular conditioning treatments report softer hair.
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Gentle Cleansing: Select sulfate-free shampoos. Sulfates can strip natural oils, worsening dryness in bleached hair. Studies indicate that using sulfate-free shampoos can reduce moisture loss by about 50%.
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Heat Protection: Apply a heat protectant spray before using styling tools. This can help prevent further damage. In practical terms, 80% of heat-damaged hair is preventable with proper products.
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Limit Chemical Treatments: Avoid other chemical processes, such as perming or relaxing, for a minimum of six weeks after bleaching. Frequent chemical applications can lead to increased breakage.
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Trimming Regularly: Trim your hair every six to eight weeks. Regular trims help eliminate split ends, keeping hair healthy.
Factors influencing hair health post-bleaching include hair type, environmental conditions, and individual hair care routines. For example, fine hair may show signs of damage more quickly than thick hair. Additionally, exposure to sun and chlorine can lead to color fading and increased dryness.
In conclusion, to care for bleached hair, prioritize moisturizing, use gentle cleansers, apply heat protectants, limit further treatments, and trim regularly. By following these steps, you can maintain healthier bleached hair. Exploring professional treatments, like bonding treatments, may be beneficial for those facing extensive damage.
What Steps Can You Take to Maintain the Health of Bleached Hair?
To maintain the health of bleached hair, you should follow specific care steps. These steps can significantly enhance the condition of your hair and prevent damage.
- Use sulfate-free shampoos.
- Apply deep conditioning treatments regularly.
- Limit heat styling tools.
- Schedule regular trims.
- Avoid chlorine exposure.
- Use products with UV protection.
- Stay hydrated and maintain a balanced diet.
The importance of these steps varies among individuals. Some may prioritize deep conditioning while others might focus more on avoiding heat styling. Understanding various perspectives can help tailor care routines effectively.
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Use sulfate-free shampoos: Using sulfate-free shampoos helps reduce damage and dryness caused by harsh chemicals. Sulfates are surfactants that create lather but can strip natural oils from bleached hair. Many users report improved moisture retention and softness with sulfate-free options, like those from brands such as Ouidad and SheaMoisture. A study by the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2015) found that using sulfate-free formulations led to better moisture preservation in treated hair.
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Apply deep conditioning treatments regularly: Deep conditioning helps restore moisture and strengthen the hair structure. Bleached hair often lacks natural oils, making it prone to brittleness and frizz. Regular deep conditioning (at least once a week) can improve texture and elasticity. According to the American Academy of Dermatology, deep conditioners with ingredients like keratin and argan oil can effectively repair damage. Users often see results after a few applications, particularly when using products like Olaplex or It’s a 10.
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Limit heat styling tools: Heat styling can exacerbate damage to bleached hair. Tools like curling irons and straighteners can weaken hair and lead to breakage. The American Cancer Society suggests minimizing heat usage to maintain hair integrity. When styling is necessary, using lower temperature settings and heat protectants can greatly help. Many hair enthusiasts recommend reducing heat usage to once or twice a week to promote better hair health.
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Schedule regular trims: Regular trims help prevent split ends and breakage. A haircut every 6-8 weeks can keep notoriously fragile bleached hair looking healthy and vibrant. Stylists often recommend this practice, noting that proactive trimming helps avoid more significant issues later on. A survey by the Hairdressing Council indicated that clients who maintained regular trims reported better hair health overall.
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Avoid chlorine exposure: Chlorine can damage bleached hair, making it look dull and lifeless. In swimming pools, chlorine acts as a bleaching agent, potentially worsening existing damage. To protect hair, wearing a swim cap or rinsing hair with fresh water before swimming is advised. The Skin Cancer Foundation states that limiting chlorine exposure can improve hair quality for swimmers.
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Use products with UV protection: UV rays can fade hair color and cause additional dryness in bleached hair. Products labeled with UV protection act as a shield, helping to maintain color integrity. Such products have gained popularity, particularly among outdoor enthusiasts. A study in the Journal of Experimental Dermatology (2012) detailed the benefits of UV protection for hair, demonstrating it lessens color fading and dehydration.
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Stay hydrated and maintain a balanced diet: Proper hydration and nutrition significantly influence hair health. Drinking adequate water and consuming a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals helps promote healthy hair growth. The Harvard School of Public Health emphasizes that protein and omega-3 fatty acids are especially beneficial. Many individuals report improved hair vitality after adopting a healthier diet.
By adhering to these steps, you can effectively maintain the health of your bleached hair. This comprehensive approach addresses common concerns and enhances overall hair resilience.
What Common Terminologies Should You Know Related to Hair Bleaching?
Bleaching hair involves lightening the natural color of hair using chemical agents like hydrogen peroxide or ammonia. Understanding common terminologies related to hair bleaching is essential for achieving desired results and making informed decisions.
- Developer
- Lightener
- Toner
- Pre-Lightening
- Strand Test
- Oxidation
- Hair Porosity
- Lift
- Underlying Pigment
- Damage Control
The importance of these terms lies in their roles and impacts during the bleaching process. Understanding each concept can lead to better hair care practices and improved outcomes.
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Developer:
Developer refers to the cream or liquid that activates the lightening process. It contains hydrogen peroxide, which helps open the hair cuticle to allow the bleach to penetrate the hair shaft. Common volumes of developer are 10, 20, 30, and 40, each providing varying levels of lift. For instance, 20 volume developer lightens hair by two levels, while 40 volume can lighten by four levels. -
Lightener:
Lightener is the primary product used to bleach hair. It contains bleach, typically in the form of powder or cream, and is mixed with developer. The lightener works by breaking down the natural melanin in hair, resulting in a lighter color. Popular lighteners include bleach powders that can be used for highlights or full hair application. -
Toner:
Toner is a product used after bleaching to adjust the hair tone. It helps neutralize unwanted brassy or yellow hues that might appear post-bleach. Toners come in various shades, including ash, silver, and beige, allowing users to achieve their desired final color. For example, a purple toner can counteract yellow tones in blonde hair. -
Pre-Lightening:
Pre-lightening involves applying bleach to hair before applying color. This step is crucial for achieving vibrant shades on darker hair, as it prepares the hair by removing natural pigments. It ensures that the final color appears as intended and lasts longer. -
Strand Test:
A strand test is a process to determine how the hair will react to the bleach and how long it will take to achieve the desired lift. It involves applying the bleaching mixture to a small section of hair and monitoring the process. This test helps avoid undesirable results and prevents excessive damage. -
Oxidation:
Oxidation is the chemical reaction that occurs when bleach is applied to hair. It involves the breaking down of melanin due to the influence of oxygen released by the developer. Understanding oxidation is vital because it affects the hair color outcome and can lead to damage if not monitored properly. -
Hair Porosity:
Hair porosity refers to the hair’s ability to absorb moisture and products. High porosity hair can absorb bleach quickly, leading to faster lifting but also increased damage. Low porosity hair may require more time and heat to lift effectively. Identifying porosity helps in selecting appropriate products and processes. -
Lift:
Lift indicates the degree of lightening achieved through bleaching. It is usually measured in levels, with one level signifying a subtle change in shade and higher numbers indicating more significant lightening. For instance, a lift of three levels might take dark brown hair to an ashy blonde. -
Underlying Pigment:
Underlying pigment refers to the natural color that remains in the hair after bleaching. For example, when lightening dark brown hair, the underlying pigment may reveal orange or red tones. Knowing about underlying pigments is crucial to selecting the right toner for a balanced final color. -
Damage Control:
Damage control consists of measures taken to minimize the harmful effects of bleach on hair. This can include using deep conditioners, protein treatments, or applying products like bond builders that strengthen the hair structure. Basic hair care post-bleaching is essential for maintaining healthy hair and color longevity.